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Wilhelm II, Mehmed V and Franz Joseph, emperors of the three Central Powers. Image in public domain.

Wilhelm II, Mehmed V and Franz Joseph, emperors of the three Central Powers. Image in public domain.

  • Sultan Mehmed V issues a Fatwa, formally declaring Jihad against all Allied forces
  • The Battle of Nonne Boschen takes place
  • HMS Niger is torpedoed by a German submarine, while at anchor off Deal in the English Channel. The ship’s crew is evacuated in lifeboats, after which the Niger explodes.
  • British and Ottoman troops clash in the Battle of Basra; fighting continues until 21 November